Calculate Anion Gap
Understanding Anion Gap
The Anion Gap is a calculated value that helps evaluate acid-base disorders by measuring the difference between primary measured cations (Na+) and anions (Cl- and HCO3-) in the blood. It's a vital tool for identifying various metabolic disturbances and acid-base disorders.
Normal Range
Traditional: 8-12 mEq/L, Albumin-corrected: 3-11 mEq/L
Clinical Significance
Critical for diagnosing metabolic acidosis and evaluating acid-base disorders.
Clinical Applications of Anion Gap
Metabolic Acidosis
Differentiates between various types of metabolic acidosis
Toxicology
Helps identify toxic ingestions and poisonings
Disease Monitoring
Tracks progression of certain metabolic conditions
Latest Research in Anion Gap Assessment
Albumin Correction
Studies validate the importance of albumin correction for accurate interpretation.
Delta Gap
Recent research emphasizes the utility of delta gap in mixed acid-base disorders.
Clinical Outcomes
Evidence shows anion gap as a predictor of mortality in critical illness.
Common Causes of Abnormal Anion Gap
Elevated Anion Gap
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Lactic acidosis
- Toxic ingestions
- Renal failure
Low Anion Gap
- Hypoalbuminemia
- Multiple myeloma
- Laboratory error
- Lithium toxicity
Interpretation Guidelines
Normal Anion Gap (8-12 mEq/L)
Suggests normal acid-base balance or non-anion gap metabolic acidosis
Elevated (>12 mEq/L)
Indicates presence of unmeasured anions (ketones, lactate, toxins)
Low (<8 mEq/L)
Consider laboratory error or rare conditions affecting protein levels
Additional Considerations
Albumin Correction
Adjust for hypoalbuminemia using the correction factor: 2.5 × (normal albumin - measured albumin)
Mixed Disorders
Consider possibility of concurrent acid-base disturbances
The Anion Gap Calculator is designed for healthcare professionals. Results should be interpreted in conjunction with clinical presentation, complete metabolic panel, and other relevant laboratory values. Significant abnormalities require prompt clinical evaluation.